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Briefing Room

 TTOS codifies the physical attributes of a footprint into five traits:

Stride
Straddle,
Pitch Angle
Pressure
Dwell Time

Each of these will be altered by every movement or alteration in the quarry’s activity, and thus are particularly important not only in suspect identification/verification, but in interpreting Action Indicators.



If you would like to do some research on the history of visual tracking, and how it’s been used militarily or in law enforcement, enter the following terms into your search engine exactly as they appear below:

“…a man of close observation,  quick perception, and prompt action…often not another step is taken until a mystery that may present itself…is fairly solved.  The Indian Trailer will stand still for hours in succession, to account for certain traces or effects in tracks,  and sometimes give to the matter unremitting attention for days and weeks…”—unknown Army officer, Dakota Territory, 186

Selous Scouts
Tracker Combat Unit
Active Tracking Passive Tracking
Rhodesian Light Infantry
Koevoet, South African Police
SWAPOLCOIN
Shadow Wolves Smithsonian
Footwear Impression Evidence
Footprint evidence
Tire Impression Evidence
Lake Kariba, wafa wafa
Crime Scene footprint evidence
Crime Scene tracking
Malayan Emergency trackers
5 Recce Commando
RLI fireforce tactics
Force 136 Malaya
Malayan Scouts
Operation Nickel, Rhodesian Bush War
Operation Cauldron, Rhodesian Bush War
5 Reconnaissance Regiment


Combat Tracker Team
Tactical Tracking Team
Visual Track Interpretation
FBI Lisker Case
Seminole Scouts
Freddy Spencer Chapman
United States Scouts, Indian Scouts
White Mountain Apache Scouts
Ft. Huachuca Indian Trackers
US Army Frontier Scouts
Frederick Russell Burnham scout
RLI Tracking Stick
Iban trackers
Dyak trackers
Louis Liebenberg
Biometrics, tracking, footprints
Combat Tracker Platoon
Rhodesian Insurgency JRT Wood

[Sign is] “…when the passage of the quarry cannot be determined by ground or aerial spoor…evidence of movement is indicated by one or more of the following: a. Scuff marks made by the quarry’s feet…b. Bent or damaged vegetation…c.d. Leaves which have been turned over…e. Insects which have been trampled on, or have had their dwellings disturbed. f. animal droppings which have been trampled on or disturbed by feet. g. Sweet papers, cigarette butts and general items of human debris when following humans often give the exact number in the group the tracker may be following…h. spit and urine along the track. i. Running men—look for skid marks, longer length of pace, and deep impressions with the emphasis being on the ball and toes of the feet. Vegetation more badly bruised than normal.  If barefoot, the toes will be splayed out more than usual. j. Loaded men—Look for short footsteps with deeper impressions than normal, with toes (if barefoot) well splayed out due to the weight of their load…” Ron Reid-Dal Stones…which have been dislodged…
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